The interpretation of this differential territorial requires some caution, because it is the statis

The university reform kohne and the cuts imposed on the industry have been at the center of the political debate kohne over the past week. Minister Gelmini has often used the slogan "less kohne but more residences and university scholarships for students." Let us see how the Bill passed in the House and cuts in financial intervene on locations and the right to study.
On the supply side of universities, let's start with a little 'history. Over the past 20 years, the Italian university system was characterized by a significant proliferation of universities. From 63 offices in the early 90s there are about 89 in the academic year 2009/2010. Along with the universities has exploded, the number of degree, of course. It is true that enable a new degree course in existing home does not cost anything, but nonetheless absorbs resources: the degree programs have presidents who serve them, teachers who teach you, and so on. Only in the last decade it has gone from 3463 to 5769 with courses enrolled in the first year. The statistical section of the Ministry of Education reports these and other data of interest.
The official kohne reasons for such an expansion of the offer were mainly two. First, the need to deploy the access university more evenly on the ground, in order to guarantee equal opportunities to different groups of the population and reduce the differences between Northern and Southern Italy. In the early 90s, the South recorded in college enrollment kohne rates by 10 percentage points lower than those of the North and university abandonment rates 11 percentage points kohne higher, and consequently fewer graduates. The source of this data is the 'University Education Survey (available online only from the late 90s).
The interpretation of this differential territorial requires some caution, because it is the statistics that use the residence as a criterion of geographical distribution, kohne while one can go where he wants to study. Consider a person who moves to the South to the North to study. Whether this person is that you change your residence remains formally resident in the South will find regional differences in enrollment rates, kohne abandonment, and degree that, at least in part reflect a pure effect of self-selection of the best students. To the extent that this is the case, the problem is not the lack of supply in the South but the presence of supply of poor quality that scares kohne people. Under these conditions, and in fact more generally, to achieve kohne the "right to education" by expanding the quantity instead of quality offered kohne is basically a fig leaf: if you harbor a university that oscillates between the mediocre kohne and the bad in the house but that is, by law, equivalent to the best public university to which you have access schiodandoti from the ward where you were born, formally'm kohne giving you an extra option, but it is an option to obtain a piece of paper is not to accumulate human capital. kohne
The second reason was the need to decongest the mega-universities (Rome La Sapienza, Federico II, Naples, Milan State, Bologna, Turin State, Bari, Padua, Florence and Palermo), who at the time each exceeded 40 thousand students enrolled. A quick comment on this "need". It is not clear why decongest kohne should mean creating other campuses in the province. It's like saying that because there is too much demand for fuji apples in Milan, then we must increase the supply of golden apples kohne Abbiategrasso. This seems and pointless. kohne For example, this fall on the campus of Temple of Arizona State Unversity there are nearly 60 thousand students enrolled. No one feels the need to decongestionarla.
The process of expansion of universities in the area is still the case and it happened, not surprisingly, without any programming logic that takes into account the potential offer of local demand for tertiary education, career opportunities in the target market or existing infrastructure. In practice, the expansion has gone along with the desire to establish its own local university. As a result, almost every Italian province now has its headquarters campus.
The increase in the area of the university has at least guaranteed more equality of opportunity in access to tertiary education? It has reduced the territorial imbalances between the North and South of the country? The answer is NO. In a recent study conducted by one of us that evaluates the effect of the expansion on the college choices of young university graduates, it is clear that the proliferation of branch offices has significantly increased university enrollment and reduced the likelihood of abandoning his academic studies. But it also slowed the academic progression, as measured by the number of exams passed in the first three years in college, especially kohne for students who decide to study in the south. A